Used to emphasize that something is not even as much as something else. An inclusion of extreme cases that are generally hard to predict. The one attached to 조차 is the most important.
Example
엄마조차저를못믿으시는거예요?
Even my mom doesn't believe me?
그학생은시험마다공부조차하지않은데성적표가진짜대단하네.
That student doesn't even study for exams, but their grades are really amazing.
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